Roman Numeral Converter - Convert Numbers to Roman Numerals
Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers instantly.
What Is a Roman Numeral Converter?
A Roman numeral converter converts numbers between Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3...) and Roman numerals (I, II, III...). Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and are still used today in various contexts like movie titles, clock faces, and book chapters.
How to Use the Roman Numeral Converter
- Select the conversion direction — Choose "Number → Roman" or "Roman → Number".
- Enter your value — Type the number or Roman numeral you want to convert.
- Click "Convert" — The tool instantly converts your input.
- Copy the result — Use the "Copy Result" button to copy the output.
Roman Numeral Symbols
| Symbol | Value |
|---|---|
| I | 1 |
| V | 5 |
| X | 10 |
| L | 50 |
| C | 100 |
| D | 500 |
| M | 1000 |
Roman Numeral Rules
- Addition: When a smaller numeral follows a larger one, add (e.g., VI = 5 + 1 = 6)
- Subtraction: When a smaller numeral precedes a larger one, subtract (e.g., IV = 5 - 1 = 4)
- Allowed subtractive combinations: IV, IX, XL, XC, CD, CM
- No more than 3 repetitions: III = 3, but 4 is IV (not IIII)
Common Roman Numerals
| Number | Roman | Number | Roman |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | 10 | X |
| 2 | II | 20 | XX |
| 3 | III | 30 | XXX |
| 4 | IV | 40 | XL |
| 5 | V | 50 | L |
| 6 | VI | 60 | LX |
| 7 | VII | 70 | LXX |
| 8 | VIII | 80 | LXXX |
| 9 | IX | 90 | XC |
| 10 | X | 100 | C |
Practical Uses
- Movie Titles: Rocky III, Star Wars Episode IV
- Clock Faces: Roman numerals on analog clocks
- Book Chapters: Chapter I, Chapter II
- History: Reading dates on monuments and buildings
- Education: Learning about ancient numeral systems
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the largest number that can be written in Roman numerals?
Using standard notation, the largest number is 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). However, with extended notation, larger numbers can be represented using a bar over letters (multiplying by 1,000).
Can I convert numbers larger than 3,999?
This converter supports numbers up to 3,999. For larger numbers, extended Roman numeral notation is used with a bar over letters.
Are Roman numerals case-sensitive?
This converter accepts both uppercase and lowercase letters (e.g., "iv" is the same as "IV"). Output is always in uppercase.
What is the Roman numeral for zero?
There is no Roman numeral for zero. The concept of zero was not part of the Roman numeral system.
Is this Roman numeral converter free?
Yes, our Roman numeral converter is completely free to use. No registration, no subscription, no hidden costs.